Biomarkers Predict Bacter...

Bacterial pneumonia can manifest with sudden or gradual symptoms, including high fever, profuse sweating, rapid breathing, and bluish lips. In contrast, viral pneumonia starts like the flu, progressing quickly with cough, breathlessness, muscle pain, high fever, and bluish lips. Accurate identification of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) microorganisms is challenging, necessitating the investigation of biomarkers like procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, α1-antitrypsin, and pentraxin 3 for effective antimicrobial therapy guidance.