Cerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants

This is a summary of a randomized, phase 3 trial conducted at 70 sites in 17 countries using cerebral oximetry monitoring in the care of extremely preterm infants. The trial showed that treatment guided by cerebral oximetry monitoring for the first 72 hours after birth was not associated with a lower incidence of death or severe brain injury at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age than usual care. The study involved 1601 infants, and the primary outcome was a composite of death or severe brain injury on cerebral ultrasonography at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. The incidence of serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups.