LncRNA PSR Regulates Vascular Remodeling Through Encoding a Novel Protein Arteridin

The study identified a VSMC-enriched transcript encoded by a previously uncharacterized gene called phenotype switching regulator (PSR), markedly upregulated during vascular remodelling. Although PSR was annotated as a long noncoding RNA, the study demonstrated that the lncPSR also encoded a protein, which we named arteridin. PSR is a VSMC-enriched gene, and its encoded transcript (lncPSR) and protein (arteridin) coordinately regulate transcriptional reprogramming through a shared interacting partner, YBX1. This is a previously uncharacterized regulatory circuit in VSMC phenotype switching during vascular remodelling, with lncPSR/arteridin as potential therapeutic targets for treating VSMC phenotype switching–related vascular remodelling.