Circadian‐mediated regulation of cardiometabolic disorders and aging with time‐restricted feeding

Circadian rhythms are present throughout biology, from the molecular level to complex behaviors such as eating and sleeping. Molecular clocks within cells drive them, and different tissues can have unique rhythms. Circadian disruption can trigger obesity and other common metabolic disorders such as ageing, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and circadian genes control metabolism. This underscores the bidirectional relationship between metabolism and circadian rhythms, and many metabolic disorders have circadian disruption or misalignment. Therefore, studying circadian rhythms may offer new avenues for understanding the etiology and management of obesity. This review describes how circadian rhythm dysregulation is linked with cardiometabolic disorders and how the lifestyle intervention of time-restricted feeding (TRF) regulates them. TRF reinforces feeding and fasting rhythms without reducing caloric intake and ameliorates metabolic disorders such as obesity and associated cardiac dysfunction, along with reducing inflammation. In addition, TRF optimizes the expression of genes and pathways related to normal metabolic function, linking metabolism with TRF's benefits and demonstrating the molecular link between metabolic disorders and circadian rhythms. Thus, TRF has tremendous therapeutic potential that could be easily adapted to reduce obesity‐linked dysfunction and cardiometabolic disorders.