Congenital heart anomalies in the first trimester: From screening to diagnosis

The article provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art imaging techniques for evaluating the fetal heart during the first trimester. Congenital heart defects are the most common form of congenital malformation, occurring in approximately 1% of liveborn children. Prenatal diagnosis is typically made during the second trimester of pregnancy due to the complexity and small size of heart structures. However, early detection provides several benefits, including the timing of further investigations, prenatal counseling, and access to management options. Recent advancements in antenatal imaging have enhanced the detection of cardiac malformations, with a growing focus on early pregnancy screening and diagnosis.