Emerging Genetic Insights and Therapies in Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains a leading cause of heart failure and premature death, despite advances in management. Conventional therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction form the foundation of treatment, but individualized care and precision medicine are gaining prominence. DCM's pathophysiology is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors, leading to complex disease progression under the 'two-hit' hypothesis. Genetic causality is better understood, with growing evidence linking genetic variants and gene modifiers to non-genetic triggers. Novel therapeutic approaches, such as small molecules, RNA therapy, and gene therapy, show promise in treating DCM and preventing arrhythmic death.