INDIAMAN‐20 (INstant DIAgnosis of 20 Major ANomalies) protocol: application of IOTA diagnostic strategy to fetal anomalies

This study aimed to compile a list of instant diagnoses for major fetal anomalies and evaluate their sonographic descriptors. The researchers identified anomalies that could be directly diagnosed based on specific descriptors visible on a single sonographic view. These anomalies were commonly diagnosed in utero and represented severe or life-threatening malformations. Sonographic descriptors were produced for each anomaly, and their effectiveness was tested retrospectively on a series of cases from the researchers' Fetal Medicine Unit. The study identified 20 major congenital anomalies with sonographic descriptors that provided an unequivocal instant diagnosis. The findings suggest that this approach could improve prenatal recognition of these serious malformations and aid in training less experienced operators and integrating into AI and deep learning protocols