Preclinical evaluation of chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting the carcinoembryonic antigen as a potential immunotherapy for gallbladder cancer

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is often diagnosed late, limiting treatment options. Genetically engineered T cells, known as CAR-T cells, have shown promise in hematological cancers and are being explored for solid tumors. Researchers discovered that the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is expressed in 88% of GBC tumors, particularly in advanced stages. CAR-T cells effectively recognized and targeted CEA, activating immune responses and reducing tumor growth in preclinical studies. These findings support the potential use of CEA-specific CAR-T cell immunotherapy as a treatment for GBC, warranting further development.