GYNAECOLOGY - IVF

This study describes the neurosonographic findings that diagnose or suggest the presence of malformations of cortical development in the cortex before 24 weeks of gestation. The study involved 20 fetuses, with a mean gestational age at diagnosis of 18.7 weeks, and reasons for referral included midline anomaly, ventriculomegaly, infratentorial findings, and suspected malformation of cortical development. Familiarity with fetal brain anatomy and its early sonographic landmarks allowed early diagnosis of malformations involving cortical development. The presence of an abnormal cortical layer and/or abnormal overdeveloped sulci appears to be early signs of malformation of cortical development. The study found that all patients had associated malformations, and the majority opted for termination of pregnancy.

Neurosonographic Findings for Early Diagnosis of Cortical Development Malformations Before 24 Weeks of Gestation: A Study on Fetal Brain Anomalies

DERMATOLOGY

Genetic analyses found no robust causal link between autoimmune diseases and pathological scars after multiple-testing correction.

No Robust Genetic Link Found Between Autoimmune Disease and Scars

A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study of 10 autoimmune diseases and keloid or hypertrophic scars identified three nominal genetic associations involving celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes. However, none remained significant after multiple-testing correction, providing no reliable evidence of causality.

A minimally invasive gynecomastia technique improved contour, satisfaction and recovery compared with traditional surgery.

Minimally Invasive Technique Improves Gynecomastia Outcomes

A retrospective study of 112 patients with moderate to severe gynecomastia found that hydrodynamic-assisted liposuction with a stab-flatten technique produced better chest appearance, body image, satisfaction and breast firmness than traditional liposuction with periareolar excision. Surgery was also shorter, with slightly fewer postoperative complications.

Global experts provide guidance on CaHA-CMC for safe, natural-looking buttock contour enhancement.

Global Consensus on CaHA-CMC for Buttock Augmentation

An international multidisciplinary expert panel developed consensus guidance for calcium hydroxylapatite-carboxymethylcellulose (CaHA-CMC) buttock augmentation. Experts recommend prioritizing contour correction, using a 1:1 CaHA-CMC-to-saline dilution, three treatment sessions and cannula-based, anatomically mapped injections, with evidence suggesting natural-looking results and a favorable safety profile.

ORTHOPAEDICS

Arthroscopic Latarjet improved shoulder stability and function, with high satisfaction and low recurrence at 5 years.

Arthroscopic Latarjet Provides Durable Shoulder Stability at 5 Years

A 5-year cohort study of 85 patients found that arthroscopic Latarjet surgery for recurrent anterior shoulder instability significantly improved WOSI scores from 51% to 79%. Only 2 patients had recurrent dislocations, 87% were satisfied with outcomes, and quality of life was comparable to population norms.

Virtual reality added to home vestibular rehabilitation improved dizziness and postural control in vestibular migraine.

Virtual Reality Rehabilitation Improves Vestibular Migraine Outcomes

A randomized trial of 40 patients with vestibular migraine found that adding virtual reality-based rehabilitation to home exercises significantly reduced dizziness-related disability and improved dynamic postural control. DHI scores fell beyond the 18-point clinically important threshold, while both groups showed broader functional and psychological improvements.

PEDIATRICS

Air pollution and microbiome disruption may increase respiratory infection risk and affect lifelong lung health in children.

Air Pollution, Microbiome Linked to Respiratory Infections in Children

A narrative review highlights how air pollution and disruptions in the developing respiratory microbiome may increase children’s susceptibility to respiratory infections. PM2.5 exposure can impair lung barriers and immune defenses, while microbiome diversity may provide protection. Improving air quality and supporting a healthy early-life microbiome could promote lifelong lung health.

RHEUMATOLOGY

Somatic mosaicism was found in 20.6% of patients with systemic autoinflammatory diseases in a large cohort.

Somatic Mosaicism Common in Late-Onset Autoinflammatory Diseases

A national reference-center study of 5,530 patients found systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) in 7.3%, with somatic mosaic variants identified in 20.6% of affected patients. Mosaicism was most common in VEXAS syndrome and CAPS, while late-onset mosaic CAPS was complicated by AA amyloidosis in 20% of cases.

iMFU improved facial wrinkles, sagging, contours and skin tone with high satisfaction and minimal adverse effects.

Intelligent Microfocused Ultrasound Improves Facial Rejuvenation

A randomized split-face study of 32 patients found that intelligent microfocused ultrasound (iMFU) significantly reduced perioral wrinkles by 7.2% and nasolabial fold length by 18.5% at 2 months. Treatment also improved facial contours, skin pigmentation and erythema, with high satisfaction and no persistent serious adverse effects.

NEUROLOGY

A rare ovarian fibrothecoma in a 25-year-old woman mimicked malignancy and presented with amenorrhea.

Rare Ovarian Fibrothecoma With Peripheral Cyst Sign in Young Woman

A rare ovarian fibrothecoma in a 25-year-old nulligravida presented with 8 months of secondary amenorrhea and a solid-cystic ovarian mass mimicking fibroid or malignancy. MRI showed peripheral cysts, the recently described “peripheral cyst sign.” Ovarian-sparing cystectomy resolved amenorrhea, with histopathology confirming predominant thecoma.

First-trimester fetal renal pelvis diameter may help predict later pelviectasis, but further research is needed.

First-Trimester Renal Pelvis Diameter May Predict Fetal Pelviectasis

A retrospective study of 122 pregnancies found that a first-trimester fetal renal pelvis diameter above 2 mm predicted second- and third-trimester pelviectasis with 42.1% sensitivity and 85.4% specificity. Four fetuses required postnatal surgery, although the small number of cases prevented conclusions about surgical risk.

Alternative free flaps showed outcomes comparable to traditional flaps in complex head and neck reconstruction.

Alternative Free Flaps Safe in Head and Neck Reconstruction

A retrospective study of 171 patients undergoing multi-flap head and neck reconstruction found that alternative soft tissue free flaps had outcomes comparable to traditional flaps after propensity matching, with no significant differences in complications, reoperation, thrombosis, flap loss, or hospital stay.

Bone dust from skull base tumor drilling may contain viable cancer cells, while barriers and ultrasonic aspiration may limit spread.

Bone Dust May Spread Tumor Cells During Skull Base Surgery

A study found viable tumor cells and tumor-supporting microenvironment elements in bone dust generated during drilling of skull base-involved head and neck tumors. An ultrasonic bone aspirator reduced viable tumor cells, while a synthetic barrier limited dust accumulation in the surgical field.

GASTROENTEROLOGY

Decentralized HCV testing boosts uptake and linkage to care in low- and middle-income countries.

POC HCV Testing Improves Uptake and Care in LMICs

A systematic review found that decentralized point-of-care HCV testing and care models in low- and middle-income countries achieved high testing and treatment uptake, with onsite services exceeding 90% uptake. HCV self-testing was also highly acceptable among high-risk populations, supporting simplified community-based approaches to HCV elimination.

Paris Liver Meeting 2026 highlights precision therapies and advances across chronic liver diseases.

Paris Liver Meeting 2026: Advances in Precision Hepatology

The 2026 Paris International Liver Meeting highlighted a new era of precision hepatology, featuring disease-modifying therapies for MASH, advances in non-invasive liver testing, functional-cure strategies for hepatitis B and D, novel treatments for PBC, and improved immunotherapy outcomes in selected HCC patients.

CALLY and AISI may help identify inflammation-related risk of stress urinary incontinence in women.

Inflammation Biomarkers Linked to Stress Urinary Incontinence

A NHANES-based study of 7,144 women found that higher CALLY index levels were associated with lower risk of stress urinary incontinence, while higher AISI levels were linked to increased risk. The findings suggest systemic inflammation may influence SUI risk, although prospective studies are needed for validation.

The Power of Imaging: Ide...

The Power of Imaging: Identifying Malformations of Cortical Development in Utero